Mountain castles (山城 / Sanjo or Yamajiro), which skillfully utilize the natural rugged topography, are castles that carve, excavate, and harden a natural mountain to create moats (堀 / hori), earthworks (土塁 / dorui - levees for division and defense) and enclosures (曲輪 / kuruwa - divided flat land). In addition, almost all of the components were built with soil or earth, and the buildings were simple wooden structures, so there are almost nothing remains.
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